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    Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Biography

    July 17, 2019 0

    Bhimrao ambedkar

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    Bodhisattva
    Babasaheb 
    Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar 
    Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
    Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar.jpg
    In 1939, Bhimrao Ambedkar
    Retirement of
    3 April 1952 - 6 December 1956

    Retirement of the post 15 August 1947 - September 1951
    PresidentRajendra Prasad
    Prime ministerJawahar Lal Nehru
    Pre-eminentPost office
    SuccessorCharu Chandra Biswar
    Post retirement
    29 August 1947 - 24 January 1950
    Post reinstated
    July 1942 - 1946
    Pre-eminentFeroz Khan Noon
    Post
    retention 1937-1942
    ConstituencyBombay city
    Birth14 April 1891 Mhow , Central Province , British India (now Dr. Ambedkar Nagar , Madhya Pradesh , India ) 

    The death6 December 1956 (age 65) New Delhi , India
    TombstoneChaitya Land , Mumbai ,Maharashtra
    name at birthBhiva, Bhima, Bhimraoao
    other namesBabasaheb Ambedkar, Modern Manu
    the nationalityIndian
    Political party • Scheduled Caste Federation 
     • Independent Labor Party 
     • Indian Republican Party
    Other Political 
    Affiliations    		Social organization  : 
     • BahishkrutHitkariniSabha
     • parity troops 

    educational organization  : 
     • Depressed Classes Education Society 
     • The Babe Sedyuld casts Impruwhment Trust 
     • People's Education Society 

    religious organization  : 
     • Indian Buddhist council
    Life partner • Ramabai Ambedkar 
    (Marriage 1906 - Death 1935)

     • Dr. Savita Ambedkar 
    (Marriage 1948 - Died 2003)
    relationSee Ambedkar family
    childrenFour sons  : Yashwant, Ramesh, Gangadhar, Rajaratna and a daughter  : Indu 
    (these five children belonged to 'Ramabai', and all the children except 'Yashwant' had died in childhood.)
    the residence • Rajghat , Mumbai 
     • 26 Alipur Road, Dr. Ambedkar National Memorial, Delhi
    Educational affiliation • University of Mumbai (BA)
     • University of Columbia (MA, Ph.D., LL.D.)
     • London School of Economics (MSc, DSC)
     • Grays Inn (Barrister- Et-law)
    BusinessLawyer, professor and politician
    OccupationLawmaker, economist, 
    politician, academician 
    philosopher, writer 
    journalist, sociologist, 
    anthropologist, educationist, 
    theologian, historian 
    professor, editor
    religionBuddhist Dhamma
    Prize • Bodhisattva (1956) 
     • Bharat Ratna (1990)  • FirstColombian Aid of Their Time(2004)  • The Greatest Indian(2012) Bharat Ratna Ribbon.svg 

    signatureAmbedkar's signature
    Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar [a] ( April 14 , 1891 - December 6 , 1956 ), popularly known as Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar , was an Indian philanthropist , legalist , economist , politician , and social reformer . [1] He inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement and campaigned against untouchables ( Dalits ) against social discrimination. Labor also supported the rights of farmers and women. [2] He was the first law and justice minister of independent India ,The founder of the Indian Constitution and the creator of the Republic of India . [3] [4] [5] [6]
    Ambedkar was a student of Vipul Pratibha. He received doctoral degrees in economics from Columbia University and London School of Economics, both universities and did research work in law , economics and political science . [7] In the early part of his professional life, he was a professor of economics and advocacy and later life spent more time in political activities. Ambedkar then joined the campaign and discussion for the independence of India and advocated for publishing magazines, advocating political rights and advocating social freedom for the Dalits and making them India's important contribution. [8]
    In 1956, he adopted Buddhism . In 1990, he was honored posthumously with Bharat Ratna , India's highest civilian honor. On April 14, his birth anniversary, Ambedkar Jayanti is celebrated as a festival in India, including India. [9] Ambedkar's legacy includes many monuments and illustrations in popular culture.

    early life


    Photos of Bhimrao Ambedkar's parents, Ramji Sakpal and Bhimabai Sakpal
    Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891 the British India Central India province (now Madhya Pradesh ) in the Mahu was the city's military camp. [10] He was the 14th and last child of Ramji Maloji Sakpal and Bhimabai. [11] His family Kabir cultfollower of Marathi was Muul and he currently Maharashtra 's Ratnagiri district Aanbdve was a resident of the village. [12]They belonged to the Hindu Mahar caste, which was then called untouchable , and for this reason they had to bear a deeper discrimination in social and economic terms. [13]Bhimrao Ambedkar's ancestors had been working for a long time in the army of the British East India Company and his father Ramji Sakpal, serving in the Indian army 's MahuCantonment, and working here, he reached the post of subedar. He received formal education in Marathi and English . [14]
    Bheema was facing social resistance due to his caste. Despite being able to study in school, the student Bhimrao had to face many difficulties due to untouchability. Ramji Ambedkar remarried Jijabai in 1898. On November 7, 1900, Ramji Sakpal recorded his son Bhimrao's name, Bhiva Ramji Amandavkar in Governamant High School of Satara . Bhika was the name of his childhood. Ambedkar's original nickname was written by Ambedkar instead of Sakpal, which was related to his Ambedwe village. Because the people of Konkan region kept their surname in the name of the village, hence Ambeddek was registered with Ambedkar in Ambedwe village of Ambedkar. Later, a Devrukhey BrahminThe teacher Krishna Mahadev Ambedkar, who had special affection for him, removed 'Ambedkar' by his name and added his simple 'Ambedkar' surname. [15] Since then, he has been known as Ambedkar .

    Ramabai Ambedkar , wife of Ambedkar
    Ramji came along with Sakpal family to Bombay (now Mumbai ). In April 1906, when Bhimrao was about 15 years old, he was married to Ramabai , a nine-year-old girl . Then they were studying the fifth English class. [16] In those days child marriage was prevalent in India .

    Education

    Primary education

    Ambedkar entered the first class of English on 7th November, 1900 in Governamant High School (now Pratapsingh High School) located at Rajwada Chowk in Satara city ​​on 7th November 1900. Since this day his educational life had started, hence on November 7, Maharashtra is celebrated as a student day . At that time he was called 'Bhiwah'. At that time, in the school, 'Bhiva Ramji Ambedkar', his name was marked in the presence of Panjika No. 1, 1914. When he passed the English fourth grade examination, because it was unusual in the untouchables, this success of Bhimrao was celebrated between the untouchables and the public celebration, and his family's friend and writer Dada Keluskar himself wrote 'Buddha' The biography of '' was presented to him. After reading this, he first appeared in Gautam Buddha and BuddhismWere impressed by their going and learning. [17]

    secondary education

    In 1897, Ambedkar's family moved to Mumbai where he received further education at the Government High School located on Elphinstone Road .

    Graduate studies at Bombay University


    Ambedkar as a student
    In 1907, he passed his matriculation examination and the following year he entered Elphinstone College, which was affiliated with the University of Bombay . [17] He was the first person from his community to receive education at this level.
    By 1912, he obtained the Bachelor of Arts (BA) in Economics and Political Science from Bombay University and started working with the State Government of Baroda. His wife had just moved to his new family and started work when he had to return to Mumbai to see his sick father, who died on 2 February 1913. [18]

    Postgraduate studies at Columbia University


    Ambedkar at Columbia University
    In 1913, Ambedkar moved to the United States at the age of 22, where he provided 11.50 years of three years to provide postgraduate education opportunities at Columbia University , New York City , under a scheme established by Sayajirao Gaikwad III ( Gaakwad of Baroda ). Dollar was granted scholarship of Baroda State per month. Immediately after reaching there, he settled with Parsi friend Naval Bhatna in Livingston Hall . In June 1915, he passed his Master of Arts ( MA ) examination, in which subject matter of economics, and sociology, history, philosophy and human science were the other subjects. For the postgraduate, he was appointed by the Asiatic Indian Commerce(Ancient Indian Commerce) presented the research work. Ambedkar was influenced by John Davy and his work on democracy .
    In 1916, he was given a second art postgraduate for his second research work, National Dividend of India - A Historic and Analytical Study , and eventually he went to London. In 1916, in his third research work, Evolution of Provincial Finance in British India , he received PhD in Economics , after publishing his research work, in 1927, he was officially awarded PhD. [19]On May 9, he organized a seminar organized by anthropologist Alexander Goldenveiser in India: Castes in India: His System, Origin and Development, Which was his first published letter. He used the scholarship for a period of up to 3 years in completing his course in America in just two years and in 1916 he went to London. [20]

    Post Graduate Studies in London School of Economics


    Ambedkar with his professors and friends of the London School of Economics (in the center line, before the right), 1916-17

    Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar as a barrister in 1922
    In October 1916, he went to London and there he entered the Barrister Course in Gray's Inn , and also joined the London School of Economics , where he started working on the doctoral thesis of economics . In June 1917, he was forced to leave his studies temporarily in the middle and returned to India because his scholarship had ended with the state of Baroda. While returning, his book collection was sent on a ship separated from the ship which was submerged by the torpedo of the German submarine. This was the period of World War I. [18] He got permission to return to London for his thesis within four years. BarodaWorking as the army secretary of the state, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar was frustrated with the sudden reunion in his life and left his job and started working as a personal tutor and accountant. Even he started his consulting business which failed due to his social status. Due to Lord Sidenem, former British governor of his own, he got a job as a professor of political economy at the Sydney University College of Commerce and Economics in Mumbai . In the year 2020, Shahu Maharaj of Kolhapur , with the help of his Parsi friend and some private savings, he once again succeeded in returning to England, and in 1921 a Master of Science ( M.Sc.) For which he presented the 'ProDictional Decentralization of Imperial Finance in British India' (provincial decentralization of royal finance in British India) search. [21] [22] [7] In 1922, he was awarded a Barrister-at-Lodge degree by Gray's Inn and he got admission in the British Bar as Barrister . In 1923, he obtained D.Sc (Doctor of Science) degree in Economics . His thesis was "The Problem of the Rupee: It's Origin and Its Solution" (Rupee problem: its origin and its solution). While returning to India after studying London, Bhimrao Ambedkar stayed in Germany for three months , where he studied his economics, Bon UniversityContinued in But due to lack of time, they can not stay high in the university. His third and fourth Doctorates (LL.D., Columbia University, 1952 and D.Litt., Osmania University , 1953) were prestigious honors. [23]

    Conflict against untouchability


    Ambedkar while speaking
    See also: Mahad Satyagraha  and Kalaram Temple Satyagraha
    Ambedkar had said "Untouchable is worse than slavery." [24] Ambedkar was educated by the state of Baroda, so he was bound to serve them. He was appointed military secretary of Maharaja Gaikwad, but due to caste discrimination, he had to quit this job in a short time. He described this incident in his autobiography, Waiting for a Visa . [25] After this, he again tried to find a means of livelihood for his growing family, for which he worked as an accountant, and also as a personal teacher, and established an investment consulting business, but All attempts have failed when their customers have known that they are untouchables. [26] In 1918, the political economics at the Sidenham College of Commerce and Economics in MumbaiBecame professor of Although he was successful with the students, other professors protested against sharing water utensils with them. [27]
    In front of the Southborough Committee preparing the Government of India Act 1919 , as a major scholar of India, Ambedkar was invited to give evidence. During this hearing, Ambedkar advocated separate electorates and reservation for Dalits and other religious communities . [28] In Bombay, from Bombay, he started publication of the weekly gossip This publication became popular among readers soon, then Ambedkar used it to criticize the reluctance of the Indian political community to fight conservative Hindu politicians and racial discrimination. The speech given during a conference of his dalit class greatly influenced the local ruler Shahu IV of Kolhapur State, who had a stir in the Orthodox society to feed with Ambedkar. [29]
    While practicing law in the Bombay High Court, he made attempts to promote untouchables education and raise them. Their first organized effort was the establishment of the Central Institute Disappeared Hitkarini Sabha , with the aim of promoting education and socio-economic reforms and welfare of "exclusion" referred to as depressed classes. [30] In order to protect Dalit rights, he extracted five magazines such as silent, exiled India, Samata, enlightened India and Janata. [31]
    In the year 1925, he was appointed to work in the Simon Commission of the British Commissan with all the European members in the Presidency Committee . [32] Protests against this commission were protested across India. While its report was largely ignored by Indians, Ambedkar sent a separate recommendation for future constitutional reforms. [33]

    " Jaystnb , Koregaon Bhima Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and his Anuyayi, January 1, 1927
    Ambedkar organized a function in Koregaon Vijay Memorial (Jayastambh) on 1 January 1927 in honor of the Indian Maharsoldiers killed during the Battle of Koregaon on 1st January 1818, under the Second Anglo-Maratha War . Here the names of the soldiers belonging to the Mahar community were carved on a marble inscription and made Koregaon the symbol of Dalit self respect. [34]
    By 1927, Dr. Ambedkar decided to launch a comprehensive and active movement against the untouchability. With the public movements, satyagrahis and demonstrators, the public resources of drinking water opened to all sections of the society, they also struggled to get the right of untouchables to enter Hindu temples. He also launched satyagraha to give the right to water the untouchables in Mahad city, with the tasty water of the city. [35] In the conference at the end of 1927, Ambedkar, in order to ideologically discriminate caste discrimination and "untouchability", supports ancient Hindu texts, Manusmriti , whose many positions, openly racial discrimination and casteism, [36] Publicly condemned, and he formally copied the ancient text copies.[37] On December 25, 1927, heburned copiesof Manusmriti under the leadership of thousands of followers. [38] [39] [40] On December 25, every year, Manusmriti is celebrated as a combustion day by Ambedkarites and Hindu Dalits. [41] [42]
    In 1930, Ambedkar started the Calamar Temple Satyagraha after three months of preparation . About 15,000 volunteers gathered in the Kalaram temple movement, which led to the biggest processes in Nashik . The procession was led by a military band, a batch of scouts, women and men first went to discipline, order and determination to see God. When they reached the door, the door was closed by Brahmin officials. [43]

    Poona Pact

    Main article: Pune Agreement and Round Table Conference (India)

    Second Round Table Conference, 1931; In which Ambedkar (before the right), Gandhi, Malaviya and Adi people were involved
    So far, Bhimrao Ambedkar had become the most untouchable political figure till date. They strongly criticized his alleged indifference towards eradication of caste system of important political parties of mainstream. Ambedkar also criticized the Indian National Congress and its leader Mahatma Gandhi , he accused them of presenting the untouchables as a matter of compassion. Ambedkar was also dissatisfied with the failures of the British rule, he advocated a separate political identity for the untouchables, in which there was no interference with both the Congress and the British. In London on August 8 , 1930 , a group of exploited class i.e. the first round table conferenceAmbedkar kept his political vision in front of the world, according to which the protection of the oppressed class is in his being independent from both the government and the Congress. [11]
    We have to make our own way ourselves and ourselves ... the problems of the political power can not be solved, their salvation lies in achieving their proper place in the society. They have to change their bad way of living ... they should be educated ... One big requirement is to shake the sense of their inferiority complex and to establish the divine dissent within them which is the source of all the heights. [11]
    Ambedkar criticized the Salt Satyagrah run by Congress and Gandhi . The rising popularity in his untouchable community and because of public support for them in 1931 in London was the second roundtable conference also invited to participate. There was a sharp debate over Gandhi's issue of granting separate electorate to his untouchables, and the British agreed with Dr. Ambedkar's views. Religion and raceThe anti-Gandhi Gandhi, strongly opposed to the separate electorate, feared that the separate electorate given to the untouchables would divide Hindu society. Gandhi felt that to forget the untouchables, he should be given a period of some years for his heartbeat, but this argument proved to be wrong when the Hindu Hindus continued to observe the untouchable even after several decades of Poona Pact. [44]

    On 24th September 1932, MR Jayakar, Tej Bahadur and Dr. Ambedkar (second from Dai) in Yerwada Central Jail
    1932When the British announced agreeing with Ambedkar's views, the untouchables announced a separate electorate. The Communal Award was the result of the discussions held at the Round Table Conference. Believing the demand for political representation raised by Ambedkar under this agreement, the Dalit class was given the right to two votes in separate electorate. Under this, the Dalits could choose their representatives and the freedom to choose the representative of the general category by the second vote. Thus, the Dalit representative was to be elected by the vote of Dalits only. With this provision, there was no balance of general category in choosing a Dalit representative. But at the same time, the Dalit class could use its second vote to play its part by choosing the representative of the general category. In such a situation, the Dalit candidate selected by the Dalits could keep the problem of the Dalits well, but for the non-candidate[45]
    Gandhi was presently in Yerwada jail of Poona. As soon as the Communal Award was announced, Gandhi first asked the Prime Minister to write it and demand it to be changed. But when they felt that no action was being taken on their demand, then they announced the annihilation of their death. Ambedkar then said, "If Gandhi had kept this fast for freedom of the country, it would have been good, but he has kept this fast against the Dalit people, which is extremely regretful, whereas this is possible for the election of Indian Christians, Muslims and Sikhs There was no objection from Gandhi regarding the authority. " He also said that Gandhi is not an immortal person. In India, how many such people were born and went away. Ambedkar said that in order to save Gandhi's life, he can not give up the interests of Dalits. Now, due to the time of fast, Gandhi's health was constantly changing. There was a great crisis on Gandhi's life. And the entire Hindu society became Ambedkar's opponent.[46]
    Seeing the increasing pressure in the country, Ambedkar reached Yerwada Jail on September 24, 1932 at 5.00 pm. There was an agreement between Gandhi and Ambedkar, which was later called Poona PactWas known by the name In this agreement, Ambedkar announced the release of the right to separate electorate for the Dalits in the Communal Award. With this, instead of 78 reserved seats, the number of reserved seats in Poona Pact increased to 148. Along with this, for the untouchable people, adequate funds should be provided for education grant in each province and ensured the recruitment of the people of the dalit class without any discrimination with government jobs and thus Ambedkar saved Mahatma Gandhi's life. Ambedkar was dissatisfied with this agreement, he termed Gandhi's sudden move to deny the untouchables of their political rights and pressurize them to withdraw from their demands, a play played by Gandhi. In 1942, Ambedkar condemned the agreement, ' State of MinorityIn this book, also expressed dissatisfaction with Poona Pact. Even before the Republican Party of India , there have been many riots meetings before this. [47]

    political life


    Ambedkar while speaking
    On October 13, 1935 , Ambedkar was appointed the Principal of the Government Law College and on that post he worked for two years. He also served as Chairman of the Governing Body of this college after the death of Shri Rai Kedarnath, founder of Ramjas College of Delhi University . [48] Ambedkar settled in Bombay (now in Mumbai), he built a three-storey big house ' Rajghat ' here, in which his personal library had more than 50,000 books, then it was the world's largest private library. [49] On27th May 1935, his wife Ramabai died after a prolonged illness. Ramabai Pandharpur for pilgrimage before his deathAmbedkar wanted to go but Ambedkar did not allow it. Ambedkar said that in the Hindu pilgrimage where he is considered as untouchable, there is no justification to go, instead of making a new Pandharpur for them,
    In 1936 , Ambedkar established the Independent Labor Party , which won 13 seats in the Central Legislative Assembly elections in 1937 . [50]
    In the same year, Ambedkar published his book ' Annihilation of Caste ' ( destruction of caste system ) on May 15, 1936, based on a paper he had written in his New York . [51] In this book, Ambedkar strongly criticized Hindu religious leaders and caste system. [52] They strongly condemned the Congress's decision to call the people of the untouchables, the word Harijan createdby Gandhi . [53] [49] Later, in the BBC interview of 1955, he accused Gandhi of supporting caste system in letters of his Gujarati language and opposing caste system in English language letters. [54][55]
    Ambedkar served as Labor Minister for the Defense Advisory Committee [56] and for the Executive Council of the Vice Minister, during 1942-1946. [56]
    Ambedkar actively participated in the fight for India's independence . [57]
    After the Lahore Resolution (1940) of the Muslim League demanding Pakistan , Ambedkar wrote a 400-page book entitled " Thought on Pakistan , " which analyzed the concept of "Pakistan" in all its aspects, in which they were Muslims of Muslim League a different country to Pakistan has also argued with the criticism of the demand. that Muslims should accept Pakistan's Muslims. They kept Proposed that Muslim and non-Muslim majority to different parts of Punjab and BengalThe provincial boundaries should be redone. They thought that Muslims could not have any objection to re-removing the provincial boundaries. If they did, they did not quite understand the "nature of their demand". Scholar Venkata Dhalipal said that Thought on Pakistan "stopped Indian politics for a decade". This set the course of dialogue between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress, which was setting the path for partition of India . [58] Although they were Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Muslim LeagueThey argued that Hindus and Muslims should be isolated and Pakistan should be formed because in order to lead a single country, due to ethnic nationalism, there would be more violence within the country. He mentioned the historic events of the Ottoman Empire and the disintegration of Czechoslovakia in favor of his view of communal divisions of Hindus and Muslims. They asked if there was enough reason for establishing Pakistan? And suggested that it was possible to eradicate differences between Hindus and Muslims from a less stern step. He has written that Pakistan should justify its existence. There have been communal issues in countries like Canada, but still the British and French live together, So can Hindus and Muslims not be together? He cautioned that the real implementation of the solution to form two countries would be very difficult. There will be a border dispute problem with huge population transfer. Keeping in mind the violence followed by India's independence, this prediction was correct. [59]
    "What Congress and Gandhi Have Done to the Untouchables?" (What did Congress and Gandhi do for the untouchables?) With this book, Ambedkar sharpened his attacks on both Gandhi and Congress, accusing them of pretending to be so. [60]
    Ambedkar saw his political party changing to the All India Scheduled Caste Federation ( FED ), although in poor elections in the election held for the Constituent Assembly of India held in 1946. Later, he was elected to the Constituent Assembly from Bengal where the Muslim League was in power. [61] Ambedkar contested the first Indian Lok Sabha election from Bombay North in 1952, but lost to his former assistant and Congress candidate Narayan Kajolkar. Ambedkar became a member of the Rajya Sabha in 1952 . He tried to enter Bharara again in the Lok Sabha by-election in 1954 , but he remained third (Congress party won). By the time of the second general election in 1957, Ambedkar's nirvana (death) had become.
    Ambedkar twice the upper house of Indian Parliament Rajya Sabha were Indian Members of Parliament representing Maharashtra. His first term as a Rajya Sabha member was between April 3, 1952 and April 2, 1956, and his second term was to be held from April 3, 1956 to April 2, 1962, but before the end of the term, he died on December 6, 2016. Gaya. [62]
    He has written his book on the Shudras? (Who was Shudra?), Explained in the Hindu caste system a hierarchy, the coming of the lowest caste, that is, the existence of Shudras. [63] He also emphasized that in what way the surplus (untouchable) is different from the shudras. Who Were the Shudras in 1948? In the sequel of The Untouchables: A Thesis on the Origin of Untouchability (untouchables: a research on the origin of untouchability) Ambedkar tricked Hinduism.

    Hindu civilization .... which is a cruel device for humanity to make and suppress slavery and its proper name will be infamous. What can be said about a civilization that developed a very large class of people ... considered to be inferior to a human being, whose touch is merely a reason to spread pollution? [60]

    Ambedkar was also a big critic of South Asian practice of Islam . They took the side of India's partition but condemned the practice of child marriage prevailing in Muslim and misuse of women . They said,

    The adverse consequences of keeping polygamous and mistress can not be expressed in words which are especially the source of sadness of a Muslim woman. Take up caste system, everyone says that Islam should be free from slavery and caste, whereas slavery is in existence and it has got support from Islam and Islamic countries. While the prescriptions made by the Prophet regarding the justice and human treatment of slaves contained in the Koranare commendable, there is nothing in Islam which supports the abolition of this curse. Even if slavery is over, still caste system will remain among the Muslims. [64]

    He wrote that in Muslim society, there is even more social evil than Hindu society, and Muslims hide them from the use of soft words like "brotherhood". They also criticized the discrimination against the Arzal classes, which were considered "low status" by Muslims, as well as the repressive curtain practice of oppression of women in Muslim society . they said that veil is also seen in Hindus but religious approval was given only by Muslims. They criticized the fundamentalism of Islam, due to which the letters of Islam are bound by the comprehension of compliance, the society has become very strict and it has become very difficult to change it. He further wrote that Indian Muslims have failed to reform their society, whereas in contrast, countries such as Turkey have changed themselves a lot. [64] [65]
    Both the Hindus and the Muslim groups suffering from "communalism" ignored the demands of social justice. 

    Declaration of change of religion


    Ambedkar announcing the change of religion in Yeola Nasik on October 13, 1935
    During the 10-12 years of Hindu religion , Babasaheb Ambedkar tried all the efforts to improve Hinduism and Hindu society, to gain equality and respect, but the hearts of the upper castes did not change. On the contrary, they were condemned and the Hindu religion was told till the destruction. After him, he had said, " We made every effort and satyagraha to get the level of equality in Hindu society, but all proved to be futile. There is no place for equality in Hindu society. "It was said by the Hindu society that" humans are for religion ", while Ambedkar believed that" religion is for human beings. " Ambedkar said that such religion does not have any meaning in which humanityNothing worth the price The one who does not allow followers of his own religion (untouchables) to get religious education, obstructs the job, humiliates the talk and does not even get water, there is no point in living in such a religion. Ambedkar had not announced the annihilation of Hindu religion for any kind of hostility and destruction of Hindu religion, but he decided to take some of the fundamental principles which were not exactly in harmony with Hindu religion. [66]
    Speaking at a conference in Yeola near Nasik on October 13, 1935 , Ambedkar announced his conversion,
    "Though I am born as an untouchable Hindu, but I will not kill Hargis as a Hindu!"
    He also called on his followers to leave Hinduism and adopt another religion. [67] He repeated this point in many public meetings throughout India. After the declaration of this change of religion, from the Nizam of Hyderabad to Islam , many ChristiansThe missionaries also gave them the temptation of millions of rupees but they rejected all. Of course, he also wanted to improve the economic condition of the dalit society, but not dependent on foreign money, but due to his labor and organization, the situation improved. Apart from this, Ambedkar wanted to choose a religion whose center was human and morality, there would be freedom, equality and fraternity. He did not want to adopt a religion that was blinded by dichotomism and untouchability, nor did he want to choose religion that has superstitions and hypocrisy. [49]
    Ambedkar made a deep study of all the major religions of the world, during the time of 21 years after declaring the change of religion. The main reason for them to take such a long time was that they wanted to convert their followers with them as much as possible when they converted to religion. Ambedkar liked Buddhism because it offers a coordinated form of three principles that are not found in any other religion. Buddhist teachings of wisdom (use of wisdom in place of superstition and superstitiousness), compassion (love) and equality (equality). He said that man wants these things for auspicious and happy life. Gods and Soul can not save society. True religion that according to Ambedkar whose center man and morality, science is based on or intellectual element, not that religion is central to God, The spirit of liberation and salvation . He also said that the work of religion should be rebuilding the world , not interpretation of its origins and end. He favors the democratic society system, because he believed religion could become a guide to human life in such a situation. All these things got him the only Buddhist religion. [68]

    Constitution building


    Dr. Ambedkar, President of Drafting Committee, presented Rajendra Prasad on 25th November, 1949 to the last draft of the Indian Constitution .
    Main article: Indian Constituent Assembly and Constitution of India
    Despite the harsh criticism of Gandhi and Congress, Ambedkar's reputation was a unique scholar and lawmaker, due to which when the new government led by the Congress came into being after the independence of India in 15 August 1947 , then Ambedkar would be the first law of the country and Invited to serve as the Minister of Justice , whom he accepted. On August 29, 1947, Ambedkar was appointed as the Chairman of the draft constitution committee for the creation of a new constitution of independent India. In this work, Ambedkar 's study of early Buddhist Sangha rites and other Buddhist texts also came in handy. [69]
    Ambedkar was an intelligent constitutional expert, he studied the constitution of nearly 60 countries. Ambedkar is recognized as the "father of the Constitution of India". [70] [71] In the Constituent Assembly, TT Krishnamachari, member of the Drafting Committee, said:
    "Sir, I am one of the people in the House, who have listened very carefully to Dr. Ambedkar's talk, I know about the work and enthusiasm involved in the drafting of this constitution." At the same time, I feel that it was not necessary by the Drafting Committee that it was necessary for us to pay attention to the purpose of preparing the Constitution as important as this. The house probably has information of seven members. One nominated by you, one had resigned from the House and it was changed. One had died and no one was taken in his place. One was in America and his place was not filled and another person was busy in state affairs, And there was a void to that extent. One or two people were far from Delhi and probably due to health reasons they did not allow them to participate. So finally it happened that the whole burden of preparing the draft of this Constitution took place on Dr. Ambedkar and I have no doubt that we are grateful for them. After achieving this work, I believe that it is undoubtedly commendable. "[72] [73]
    Granville Austin described the Indian Constitution prepared by Ambedkar as the 'first and most important social document' . 'Most of the Constitutional provisions of India have come directly in an attempt to promote this revolution by either establishing the purpose of social revolution or establishing the necessary conditions for its achievement.' [74]
    In the text of the Constitution prepared by Ambedkar, constitutional guarantee and protection has been provided for a wide range of civil liberties for individual citizens, including the elimination of freedom of religion, elimination of untouchability, and violation of all forms of discrimination. . Ambedkar argued for comprehensive economic and social rights for women, and arrangements for reservation of jobs in the civil services, schools and colleges for the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) and Other Backward Classes (OBCs) To win the assembly won the support, which was a positive action. [75] Indian parliamentarians hope to eliminate the lack of socio-economic inequalities and opportunities for the depressing classes of India through these measures. [76] The constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949.[77] After completing his work, speaking, Ambedkar said:
    I feel that the constitution is achievable, it is flexible, but it is also strong enough to keep the country together at the time of both peace and war. In fact, I can say that if something goes wrong then it will not be because its constitution was bad, but the man who used it was unjust.

    Opposing Article 370

    Ambedkar opposed Article 370 of the Constitution of India , which gave special status to Jammu and Kashmir state, and which was included in the constitution against his wishes. Balraj Madhok had said that Ambedkar, Kashmiri leader Sheikh AbdullahWas clearly told: "You want India to protect your borders, you must build roads in your area, you should supply grain, and Kashmir should be given the same status as India." The Indian government should have limited power only and the Indian people should not have any right in Kashmir. To agree to this proposal, I will chant the law of India As part of a treacherous point against India's interests, it will never happen. "Then Abdullah approached Nehru, who they Gopala Swamy Ayyangar directed, who in turn Vallabhbhai PatelAnd said that Nehru had promised a skate. Abdullah special status Article passed by Patel, while Nehru was on a foreign tour. On the day the article came to discuss, Ambedkar did not answer the questions but took part in other articles. All the logic was done by Krishna Swami Iyengar. [78] [79] [80]

    Uniform civil code

    I personally can not understand why religion should be given in this vast, comprehensive jurisdiction so that the whole life can be covered and preventing the legislature from encroaching on that area. After all, what are we doing for this freedom? To improve our social order, we are getting this freedom, which is full of inequality, discrimination and other things that struggle with our fundamental rights. [81]
    "
    "
    Main article: Civil Code
    Ambedkar was actually favored by the same civil code and opposed Article 370 in the case of Kashmir. Ambedkar's India would be a country of modern, scientific thinking and rational ideas, in which it does not replace the personal law. [82] During the debate in the Constituent Assembly, Ambedkar has expressed his desire to improve the Indian society by recommending adoption of a uniform civil code. [83] [84] Ambedkar resigned from the cabinet after the draft of his Hindu Code Bill (Hindu Code Bill) in Parliament in 1951 . There was talk of giving Hindu rights to billions of rights to Indian women. In this draft, there was a demand for gender equality in the laws of succession, marriage and economy. [85]Although Prime Minister Nehru, Cabinet and some other Congress leaders supported it, a large number of members including President Rajendra Prasad and Vallabhbhai Patel were against it. Ambedkar contested the election of Lok Sabha in the Bombay (North Central) constituency as an independent candidate in 1952 but he lost. In this election, Ambedkar was voted 123,576 votes and Narayan Sadoba Kajolkar was voted 138,137 votes. [86] [87] [88] In March 1952, he was appointed to the upper house of the Parliament i.e. the Rajya Sabha and after this he remained a member of this House. [89]

    Financial planning


    Ambedkar in 1950
    Ambedkar was the first Indian to take a doctorate degree in economics abroad. [90] He argued that industrialization and agricultural development can increase the Indian economy. [91] He emphasized on investment in agriculture as the primary industry in India. According to Sharad Pawar , Ambedkar's philosophy helped the government to achieve its food security goals. [92] Ambedkar advocated national economic and social development, emphasized education, public hygiene, community health, housing facilities as basic amenities. [91] He calculated the loss of development due to the British rule. [93]

    Reserve Bank of India

    Ambedkar was trained as an economist, and by 1921 he had become a professional economist. When he became a political leader, he wrote three scholarly books on economics:
    • Administration and Finance of the East India Company
    • The Evaluation of Provident Fund in British India
    • The Problem of the Rupee: Its Origin and Its Solution [94] [95] [96]
    The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was based on Ambedkar's views, which he presented to the Hilton Young Commission. [94] [96] [97] [98]

    Second marriage


    Bhimrao Ambedkar with wife Savita Ambedkar in 1948
    Ambedkar's first wife, Ramabai , died in 1935 after a prolonged illness. After completing the draft of Indian Constitution in the late 1940s, he was suffering from a lack of sleep, had neuropathic pain on his legs, and taking insulin and homeopathic medicines. He went to Bombay (Mumbai) for treatment, and met the doctor Sharda Kabir, with whom he had married at his home in New Delhi on April 15, 1948 . Doctors recommended a life partner who is a good cook and has medical knowledge to take care of them. [99] Dr. Sharda Kabir took the name of Savita Ambedkar after her marriage and took care of her in the rest of her life. [100]Savita Ambedkar, who was called 'Mai' or 'Maisaheb' died on May 29, 2003 at the age of 93 in Mehrauli, New Delhi. [101]

    Changes in Buddhism


    Addressing his followers at the Buddhist Dhamaksha ceremony of Nagpur, Ambedkar, 14 October 1956

    Dr. Ambedkar taking initiation by Bhunte Chandramani of Kushinara

    Dikshika Bhoomi Stupa , where Bhimrao converted into Buddhism with his millions of followers.
    In BR Ambedkar in the 1950s Buddhism attracted to Buddhist monks to take part in a conference of scholars and Sri Lankawere (then Ceylon). [102] While dedicated to a new Buddhist monastery near Pune , Dr. Ambedkar announced that he is writing a book on Buddhism and as soon as it ends it will formally adopt Buddhism. [103] Ambedkar twice visited Myanmar in 1954 ; For the second time, they went to participate in the conference of Third World Buddhist Fellowship in Rangoon . [104] In 1955, he established the ' Indian Buddhist Mahasabha ' or 'Buddhist Society of India'.[105] He completed his last famous book, ' The Buddha and His Dhamma ' in 1956. It was published in 1957 after his death [105] In the preface of this treatise, Ambedkar has written that,
    I consider Buddha's Dhamma the best. No religion can be compared to this. If a modern person who believes in science should have a religion, then that religion can only be a Buddhist religion . After twenty years of close study of all religions, this firm belief has increased between me. [106]
    "
    "
    On October 13, 1956 Ambedkar took a press conference, he said, "I am going to surrender to Lord Buddha and his religion." I am neutral with the prevailing Buddhist chants, the Buddhist religion I am accepting, the new Buddhist religion or Navyan . [107]On October 14, 1956 , Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar organized a formal public conversion ceremony for himself and his supporters in the city of Nagpur , the first Dr. Ambedkar With his wife Savita and some colleagues, Bhikshu Mahaswishir Chandramani adopted the traditional way of using Triratna and Panchsheel and adopted Buddhism, after which he presented his five hundred thousand disciples with Triratna , Panchsheel and 22 pledges.Navayan converted into Buddhism. [103] By breaking the network of the gods, they were imagining a free man who is religious, but non-equality is not considered to be worth living. Therefore, the bonds of Hinduism can be completely isolated, therefore Ambedkar has determined the Baiyas for himself for his Buddhist followers, which is the essence of the philosophy of Buddhism. These promises include disbelief in the trinity of Hinduism, denial of incarnation, abandonment of Shraddha-Parmand, Pindan, belief in the principles and teachings of Buddha, participation in any function performed by Brahmins, participation in faith, equality of humanity, Buddha's spiritual Follow the path, follow the kindness of the creatures, do not steal, do not lie, do not eat alcohol, Hindu caste based on inequality To relinquish and to adopt Buddhism was related. [108] With Navyan, Ambedkar and his supporters clearly condemned the inequitable Hindu religion and Hindu philosophy and abandoned it. On 2nd October, Ambedkar initiated Buddhist Dham to his two to three lakh followers there on October 15, it was a follower who did not reach the October 14 event or reached late. Ambedkar initiated the Buddhist religion of about 8 lakh people in Nagpur, hence the land became known as Dikshabhoomi . On the third day, on October 16, Ambedkar went to Chandrapur and there he got the initiation of Buddhist Dham to nearly 300,000 supporters. [103] [109] Thus, in only three days, Ambedkar himself converted more than 11 lakh people into Buddhism and increased the number of Buddhists by 11 million people in the world andRebirth of Buddhism in India Many people and Buddhists received congratulations from this incident. After this he went to Kathmandu to participate in the fourth world Buddhist conference in Nepal . There he went to the Dalit settlements of Kathmandu city. The Ambedkar movement of Nepal is run by Dalit leaders, and most of the Dalit leaders of Nepal believe that "Ambedkar's philosophy" is capable of erasing caste discrimination. [110] [104] He completed his last manuscript Buddha and Karl Marx on December 2, 1956 . [111]

    death


    Mahaparinirvana of Babasaheb Ambedkar

    Dr. Ambedkar's funeral went off from Dadar at 1.40 pm and reached at 6 pm in the Hindu Cemetery (now Chaityboom) of Dadar Chowpatty.

    Chauthabhoomi , Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar's Samadhi Sthali
    Since 1948, Ambedkar was suffering from diabetes . From June to October 1954, he was very ill during this time he was suffering from weak eyesight. [103] Troubled by political issues, Ambedkar's health became worse and the continuous work done during 1955 had broken him down. After three days of completing his last manuscript Lord Buddha and his Dhamma , Ambedkar's Mahaparinirvana fell into his sleep in Delhi on December 6, 1956. Then he was 64 years and 7 months old. His body was taken from Delhi by a special aircraft to his home Rajghat in Mumbai . December 7th to Mumbai in DadarFuneral was performed in Buddhist style on the Chowpatty beach, in which millions of his supporters, activists and fans attended. [112] [113] At the time of his cremation, keeping his or her pastor witnessed, more than 10,00,000 followers of him took initiation of Buddhism by Bhadant Anand Kausalayan , because Ambedkar organized a Buddhist conversion program in Mumbai on December 16, 1956. Was there. [114] [114] [115]
    After the death, Ambedkar's family had left his second wife Savita Ambedkar , who was the first person to become a Buddhist after Ambedkar (with Ambedkar) becoming a Buddhist in the Dalit Buddhist movement . Before marriage, his wife's name was Dr. Sharda Kabir. Dr. Savita Ambedkar died as a Buddhist on May 29, 2003, at the age of 94 years. [116] [117] and son Yashwant Ambedkar [118] grandson of Ambedkar, Prakash Ambedkar , Bharipa Bahujan federation is headed by the [119] and the Indian Parliament have served as members in both Houses. [119]
    A memorial, Ambedkar's house in Delhi, has been established at 26 Alipur Road. Public holiday is being held on Ambedkar Jayanti. In 1990, he was awarded posthumously Bharat Ratna of India's highest civilian honor . [120]
    Each year, more than 20 lakh people paid their tributes to his birth anniversary (April 14), Mahaparinirvana i.e. Punyathithi(December 6th) and Dhamachachra Promotion Day (October 14) in Chauthabhumi (Mumbai), Dikshabhbhoomi (Nagpur) and Bhim Janmabhoomi ( Mhow ) To be assembled. [121] Here thousands of bookstores have been set up, and books are sold. Ambedkar had a message to his followers - "Be educated, get organized, fight" [122]

    personal life

    family

    Main article: Ambedkar family

    In February 1934, Ambedkar along with his family members in his house Rajghat in Mumbai . From left - Yashwant (son), Dr. Ambedkar, Ramabai (wife), Laxmibai (wife of his elder brother Balram), Mukund (nephew) and Ambedkar's favorite dog, Toby.
    Ambedkar's grandfather's name was Maloji Sakpal, and the father's name was Ramji Sakpal and mother's name was Bhimabai. In 1906, Ambedkar died when his mother was five years old. That's why she took care of meaaraabai, who was her father's elder sister. On the request of Mirabai, Ramji remarried Jijabai, so that the child could get mother's love for Bhimrao. When Balam Bhimrao was reading fifth class English classes, he got married to Ramabai . Ramabai and Bhimrao had five children - four sons: Yashwant, Ramesh, Gangadhar, Rajaratna and a daughter Indu. But all the offspring except Yashwant had died in childhood. Prakash , Ramabai, Anandraj and Bhimrao are the sons of this four Yashwant Ambedkar.

    Master and goddess god

    Where did Ambedkar, that his life was successful with three Gurus and three devasas? The three great men whom he considered as his Guru , the first Guru in them was Tathagat Gautam Buddha , the second was the Saint Kabir and the third Guru was Mahatma Jyotirao Phule . They had three gods (gods) - knowledge, self respect and devotion. [123] [124] [125] [126]

    Ambedkarism

    Main article: Ambedkarism
    " Ambedkarism " is the ideology and philosophy of Ambedkar. The subject of freedom, equality, brotherhood, Buddhism, science, humanism, truth, non-violence etc. are the principles of Ambedkarism. Social Impact in Dalits, promotion and propagation of Buddhism in India, protection of fundamental rights in the Indian Constitution, the creation of a moral and ethnic society, and the country's progress is included in this main purpose. Ambedkarism is social, political and religious ideology. [127] [128] [129] [130]

    Books and other works

    Main article: Books and other works written by Bhimrao Ambedkar

    Cover of the first edition of the Annihilation of Cast ( Destruction of Caste System ), 1936

    Ambedkar wrote a letter to the University of Bonn on 25 February 1921 in a fluent German language
    Bhimrao Ambedkar was a genius and a juvenile writer. Ambedkar had a lot of interest in reading and he was also interested in writing. Because of this, he had built a rich library in his house Rajghat in Mumbai , in which he had more than 50 thousand books. Through his writings, he highlighted the problems of the Dalits and the country. Among the important texts he wrote were Anhilization of Caste, The Buddha and His Dhamma, Caste in India, Who Were the Shudras ?, Riddles in Hinduism etc. 32 books and monographs ( 22 completed and 10 parallel books ), 10 memos, evidence and statements, 10 research papers, review of articles and books, and 10 precepts and predictions are so many compositions of their English language. [131] He had the knowledge of the languages ​​of Gahra, in which Marathi(Native Language), English , Hindi , Pali , Sanskrit , Gujarati , German , Persian , French , Kannada and Bengali . [132] Ambedkar has written most of his contemporaries than all the politicians. [133]He has done most of the writing in English. Along with being active and busy in social struggle, there is a large collection of books, essays, articles and speeches composed by them. They were rich in unusual talent. His literary works are known for his distinctive social attitude and scholarship, in which his vision and his thinking ahead of time reflects. Ambedkar's books, including India, are widely read in the world. Lord Buddha and his Dhamma are his texts 'scripture of Indian Buddhists' and are important in Buddhist countries. [134] His D.S.C. Managing the Problem of the Rupee: It's Origin And Its Solution has established the central bank of India ie Reserve Bank of India . [135] [136] [137]
    The  Department of Education, Government of Maharashtra , has planned to publish the entire literature of Babasaheb Ambedkar in many segments and for that Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Material Publication Committee was established on March 15, 1976. Under this, till 2019, 22 volumes of 'Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: Writings and Species' have been published in the English language, and their number of pages is more than 15 thousand. The first section of this scheme was published on April 14, 1979, on Ambedkar's birthday. In these 22 volumes, volume 14 is divided into two parts, volume 17 in three parts, volume 18 in three parts, and reference books 2, i.e. a total of 29 books are published. [138]Since 1987, the work of translating his Marathi translation has been started, but it has not been completed yet. In view of the importance and popularity of the sections of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: Articles and Speeches  , Dr. Ambedkar Pratishthan of the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India , planned to publish Hindi translations of these sections and under this scheme So far, 21 stamps, titled "Baba Saheb Dr. Ambedkar: Full Class", have been published in Hindi language. This 21 Hindi section is a translation of just 10 English sects. Several versions of these Hindi segments have been published. Ambedkar's entire writing literature is with the Government of Maharashtra, out of which more than half of his literature is unpublished. His entire literature has not been published yet, more than 45 clauses can be made from his unpublished literature. [139] [140]

    Ambedkar's literature

    Books

    1. Administration and Finance of the East India Company (MA's thesis)
    2. The Evolution of Provincial Finances in British India (Ph.D. Thesis, 1917, published in 1925)
    3. The Problem of the Rupy : It's Origin and its Solution (Thesis of DSC, published in 1923)
    4. Annihilation of Castes ( destruction of caste system ) (May 1936)
    5. Which Way to Immunization (May 1936)
    6. Federation verses Freedom (1936)
    7. Pakistan and The Partition of India / Thought on Pakistan (1940)
    8. Ranade, Gandhi and Jinnah (1943)
    9. Mr. Gandhi and the Usesation of the Untouchables (September 1945)
    10. What Congress and Gandhi Have Done to the Untouchables? (June 1945)
    11. Communal Deadlock and a Way to Salve It (May 1946)
    12. Who are the Shudras? (October 1946)
    13. Discussion in relation to the proposals of the Cabinet Mission for the change in the Indian Constitution, in relation to their impact on Scheduled Tribes (untouchables) (1946)
    14. The Cabinet Mission and the Antiquities (1946)
    15. States and Minorities (1947)
    16. Maharashtra as a Linguistic Province State (1948)
    17. The Untouchables: Who Were They Were the Beam Untouchables (October 1948)
    18. Thought on Linguistic States: Criticism of State Reorganization Commissions's Proposals (published 1955)
    19. The Buddha and His Dhamma ( Lord Buddha and His Dhamma ) (1957)
    20. Riddles in Hinduism
    21. Dictionary of Pali Language (Pali-Eglish)
    22. The Pali Grammar (Pali Grammar)
    23. Waiting for a Visa (Autobiography) (1935-1936)
    24. A People at Bay
    25. The Untouchables and The Children of India's Gatos
    26. Can I am a Hindu?
    27. What the Brahmins Have Done to the Hindus
    28. It's Off God's Gita
    29. India and communism
    30. Revoltons and Counter-Revolution in Ancient India
    31. The Buddha and Karl Marx (Buddha and Karl Marx )
    32. Constitutions and competitiveness

    Memorandum, evidence and statement

    1. On Franchise and Framing Constituencies (Regarding making franchise and constituency) (1919)
    2. Statement of Evidence to the Royal Commission of Indian Currency (Statement of evidence to the Royal Commission of India) (1926)
    3. Protection of the Interests of the Depressed Classes (statement given on the protection of rights of the underprivileged sections) (May 29, 1928)
    4. State of Education of the Depressed Classes in the Bombay Presidency (in relation to education level in backward classes in Bombay Presidency) (1928)
    5. Constitution of the Government of Bombay Presidency (Constitution of the Bombay Presidency Government) (May 17, 1929)
    6. A Scheme of Political Safeguards for the protection of the Depressed in the Future Constitution of a Self-governing India (Planning for political immunity for backward classes in the future autonomous Indian Constitution) (1930)
    7. The Claims of the Depressed Classes for Special Represention (Special Representation of Backward Classes) (1931)
    8. Franchise and Tests of Untouchability (assay and privilege of touching) (1932)
    9. The Cripps Proposals on Constitutional Advancement (Cripps Proposal on Constitutional Progress) (July 18, 1942)
    10. Grievances of the Schedule Castes (Complaints of Scheduled Castes) (October 29, 1942)

    Review of research documents, articles and books

    1. Castes in India: Their Genius, Mechanism and Development (1918)
    2. (Mr. Russell and the Reconstruction of Society) (1918)
    3. Small Holidays in India and Their Remedies (1918)
    4. Currency and Exchanges (1925)
    5. The Present Problems of the Indian Currency (April 1925)
    6. Report of Taxation Enquiry Committee (Report of taxation inquiry committee) (1926)
    7. Thoughts on the Repform of Legal Education in the Bombay Presidency (considering improvement in judicial education in the Bombay Presidency) (1936)
    8. Rising and Fall of Hindu Women (1950)
    9. Need for checks and balances (Needs for checks and balances ( requires control and balance) (April 23, 1953)
    10. Buddha Pooja Text (in Marathi) (November 1956)

    Introduction and predictions

    1. Forward to Untouchable Workers of Bombay City (Preface of Untouchable Workers of Bombay City) (1938)
    2. Forward to Commodity Exchange (Book: Preamble of Commodity Exchange) (1947)
    3. Preface to the essence of Buddhism (The Book, The Role of The Essence of Buddhism) (1948)
    4. Forward to Social Insurance and India (Preface of Social Insurance and India) (1948)
    5. Preface to Rashtra Rakshake Vaidik Sadhan (book, role of Vedic means of nation-building) (1948)

    Journalism


    Letters from Ambedkar

    The tagline of the exiled India and the savior
    Ambedkar was a successful journalist and effective editor. They will believe in the society through newspapers, they will prosper. He considered the newspaper very important in the movement. He published and edited several letters and five journals to bring awareness among the exploited and dalit society. This helped them to carry forward their Dalit movement. [141] Where are they, "Any movement needs a newspaper to make a success, if the movement is not a newspaper, then the movement of the movement is like a winged bird." Dr. Ambedkar is the only pillar of Dalit journalism because he is the first editor, founder and publisher of Dalit journalism. [142] Dr. Ambedkar has written all the letters in Marathi languagePublished only because his work area was Maharashtra and Marathi was the language of the people there. And at that time the oppressed and oppressed people of Maharashtra had not written much, they could only understand Marathi. For several decades, he had edited five Marathi journals, including the dancer (1920), Janata (1930), Excluded India (1927), Samata (1928) and Enlightened India (1956). In these five letters Babasaheb Ambedkar expressed his views on the social, political and economic issues of the country. [143] [144] [145] [146] Literary and thinker Gangadhar Pantawane In 1987, for the first time in India, Ambedkar's journalism included Ph.D. Written for dissertation. In it, Pantawane wrote about Ambedkar, "This Muktyaan brought the people of displaced India to the enlightened India. Babasaheb was a great journalist."

    Dipper


    First digit of 31 January 1920 of Moqueenak
    On 31 January 1920, Babasaheb started his first Marathi fortnightly letter called " Moknayak " to reveal atrocities on untouchables . Its editor was Ambedkar and Panduram Nandaram Bhatkar. The top parts of this newspaper were the words of Saint Tukaram . For this financial assistance of Rs 25,000 was received by Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj of Kolhapur Institute. 'Silent Nayak' was the voice of mute-dalits in all respects, in which his sufferings spoke; a new consciousness was circulated in the Dalits and he encouraged them to be agitated for their rights. Ambedkar migrated for studies and this letter was closed in 1923 due to economic shortcomings, but managed to achieve its aim of driving a wave of consciousness.

    Excluded India


    Number of excluded India

    Excluded India Letter
    In the short term, after the closure of the mocknaker, Ambedkar removed the second Marathi fortnightly "Excluded India" on 3 April 1924. It was edited by Dr. Ambedkar himself. This letter was published from Bombay. Through this, he used to unravel the problems and complaints of untouchables, as well as work to answer his critics. In an editorial in this letter, he wrote that if Bal Gangadhar Tilak was born between untouchables, then he would not slogan "Swaraj is my birthright" but he says that "abolition of untouchability is my birthright." This letter also made important work of dalit awakriti. The top parts of this newspaper were the words of Saint Dnyaneshwar . Total 34 points of this fortune were removed. Financial difficulties were closed because of this in November 1929.

    Parity

    On 29 June 1928, Ambedkar started the "Samata" (Hindi: Samata) letter. This letter was the mouthpiece of the Society Samata Samity ( Samata Sainik Dal ) established by Dr. Ambedkar for social reform . As its editor, Ambedkar had appointed Devrao Vishnu Naik.

    public

    After the Samata papers closed, Ambedkar reprinted it in the name of 'Janta'. On February 24, 1930, the first issue of this fortune was published. It  became weekly on October 31, 1930 . In 1944, Babasaheb wrote a famous article titled " We will become aJunket of the state" (Hindi: We will become the ruling nation ). Through this letter, Ambedkar did a very good job of raising the dalit problems. In February 1956, the paper continued for 26 years.

    Enlightened India

    Ambedkar launched an enlightened India on February 4, 1956 for the fifth time . By changing the name of the 'Janata' letter, he had 'enlightened India'. On the front of this letter, the mouthpiece of 'All India Dalit Federation' was printed. After the Mahaparinirvana of Babasaheb, this fortnight was closed. On 11th April, 2017,   the birth anniversary of Mahatma Phule , Babasaheb's grandson  Prakash Ambedkar  announced the start of "Enlightened India" to be renewed and its first issue was published on May 10, 2017 and this fortnight started. [147]
    By these newspapers Babasaheb awakened the self and untouchable with his thoughts. This led to the change in thinking and life of the dalits.

    Influence and legacy

    As Ambedkar's social-political reformer, heritage has had a profound impact on modern India. [148] [149] In India after independence, their socio-political views are honored in the entire political spectrum. Their initiatives have influenced different areas of life and today the way India has shown social-economic policies, education and positive action through social, economic policies and legal incentives has changed it. As a scholar, his reputation appointed him as the first law minister of his independent India and the president of the draft constitution committee. He believed in freedom from personal independence and criticized the casteless society. His allegations of Hinduism being the foundation of caste system made him controversial and unpopular among the conservative Hindus.[150] His conversion of Buddhism started the resurgence of Buddhist philosophy in India and abroad. [151]
    First of all, in September-October 1927, by followers of Ambedkar and later by the Indian people, Ambedkar is called 'Babasaheb' ( Marathi : Babasaheb ) in honor and honor , which is a Marathi phrase which means "Father-saab", because millions of Indians Treat them as "the greatest liberator" Ambedkar is also known as "Bhima". This name is used in the Bhim Janmabhoomi , Bhima Jayanti , Jai Bhim , Bhima column, Bhima song, Bhima flag, Bhima army, Bhima city, Bhima app, Bhim Sainik, Bhima roar etc. [152]
    Many public institutions and twelve universities have been named in their honor. Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport , Dr. Ambedkar International Award , Dr. BR Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar , Ambedkar University, Delhi are also in his honor. Many awards are given in his name. A large official oil image of Ambedkar is displayed in the Indian Parliament House.
    The University of Columbia, USA, decided to celebrate this day in an effort to set up its university for 200 years, in particular, he made a list of the top 100 intelligent students studying at his university, a Columbian Offades of Their Time , Who have made important contributions to their field in the world When this list was published, the first name was 'Bhimrao Ambedkar', and he was mentioned as "the creator of modern India". Ambedkar was declared "the most intelligent student", the first Colombian Ahead of their time . [153] [154] [155]
    Most votes were cast in Ambedkar's History TV18 and CNN IBN in a poll conducted in 2012, " The Greatest Indian " ( Greatest Indian ). Nearly 2 million votes were cast, since the launch of this initiative he was declared the most popular Indian person. [156] Jawaharlal Nehru , India's first Prime Minister, had said that, "Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was a symbol of revolt against all oppressive practices of Hindu society." [157] Due to his role in economics, a noted Indian economist Narendra Jadhav has said that "Ambedkar was the highest educated Indian economist of all time". [158] [159]In a lecture given in 2007, economist Amartya Sen, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics while acknowledging Ambedkar's gravity in the field of economics , has said that Ambedkar is my father in terms of economics. He is a true and well known superstar of dalit-exploited people. Any honor given to them so far is more than that. They are highly disputed in India. However there is nothing controversial in his life and personality. Those who are said in their criticism are just beyond reality. His contribution to the field of economics is immensely wonderful. "A spiritual teacher, Osho ( Rajneesh ) remarked," I have seen those people who are the lowest category of Hindu law, ShudraAre born in untouchables, but they are very wise: when India became independent, and who created the Constitution of India, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was a person Shudra. According to the law, there was no equal to his intelligence - he was a world renowned authority. " [160] US President Barack Obama addressed Indian Parliament in 2010 to the Dalit leader Dr. B. B. R. Ambedkar, a great and respected human rights champion And addressed as the Chief Writer of the Constitution of India. [161] The historian Ramchandra Guha calls him "the messiah of the poor." [162]
    Ambedkar's political philosophy has given birth to a large number of political parties, publications and labor unions, which are active all over India especially in Maharashtra. His promotion of Buddhism has increased interest in Buddhist philosophy among the larger sections of the Indian population. In modern times, human rights activists, at large scale, celebrate the conversion ceremony of Ambedkar's Nagpur 1956 by organizing Buddhist conversion ceremonies. [163] Most Indian Buddhism, especially Nvyan Anuyayi them Bodhisattvas and Maitreya is considered as though he never claimed to own. [164] [165] [166]Outside India, during the second half of 1990, some Hungarian Romans attracted similarities between their status and the Dalits of India. Inspired by Ambedkar, he has started to change in Buddhism. These people have also started three schools called 'Dr. Ambedkar High School' in Hungary , in which one Ambedkar's Statue was also established on 6 December 2016, which was presented by "Jai Bhima Network" of Hungary. [167] With India, Nepal 's Dalit people and leaders consider Ambedkar as a liberator, and they believe that Ambedkar's philosophy is capable of erasing caste discrimination. The leader of Japan 's Badkumin community is bringing the philosophy of Ambedkar to the evil people. [168] [169]
    In the Chicholi village of Nagpur district of Maharashtra, Dr. Ambedkar object museum - 'Shantivan' has the personal items used for Ambedkar. [170]
    Statues that remember Ambedkar and memorials are spread all over India [171] as well as many abroad too. [172] [173] Ambedkar is India's most revered leader. His statue has taken huge numbers in every town, village, city, crossroads, railway stations and parks in India. They are usually painted in a pocket and arms in the front pocket with western suit and tie for the book of the Indian Constitution, and glasses planted in the form of a sticky person all over the world. Their high murals are also established in Great Britain and Japan . [174] The Statue of Equality located in Mumbai in 2015Or the proposal to build a grand memorial named "Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Memorial" was approved, it will have 450 feet high statue of Ambedkar. [175] [176] After this, in cities like Amravati (Dr. BR Ambedkar Memorial Park) and Hyderabad , it has been announced that Ambedkar's 125 feet tall statues have been made. [177]

    In popular culture

    Ambedkar's Birthday Ambedkar Jayanti is celebrated every year on 14th April as a big festival. This is the largest festival of Buddhists in Maharashtra. Celebrated by the Maharashtra Government as the Ambedkar Jayanti Gyan Divas . [178] [179] [180] because polymath Dr. Ambedkar's " knowledge are considered necklace" of (Symbol of Knowledge). [181] [182] [183]This day has been declared as a public holiday in the whole of India. New Delhi, every year on the statue of Parliament, honors the honorable tribute by the President of India and Prime Minister (including leaders of other political parties). Buddhists, Dalits and other Ambedkar people put their house in front of their statue or picture and greet them like God. On this day people keep their statue in front of parade, they also enjoy dhal and dance too. In addition to India, Ambedkar Jubilee celebrations are celebrated in more than 65 countries of the world. Ambedkar's 125th birth anniversary was celebrated in the United Nations, [184] [185] Where was the United Nations calling him 'the world's leader'. [186] [187] Ambedkar Jayanti is celebrating the United Nations 2016[188] [189] Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar's first birth anniversary, Sadashiv Ranpisewas celebrated on14 April 1928 in Pune . Ranpis were followers of Ambedkar. He started the practice of Ambedkar Jayanti, and on the occasion of Bhim Jnanti, he had put many rallies on Rathsee, Ut, by placing the statue of Hatha in Ambala of Babasaheb. [190] [191]
    Ambedkar's School Admission Day is celebrated on 7th November by the Government of Maharashtra as Student's Day throughout the state . Because being a learned scholar, Ambedkar continued to be a student of his birth. [192] [193] On this day various programs are organized in all the schools and junior colleges of Maharashtra, including lectures, essays, competitions, quiz competitions, poetry lessons based on the life of Ambedkar. [194] [195]
    In honor of Ambedkar, Indian Constitution Day (National Law Day) is celebrated on 26th November . According to the instructions of the Government of India , the first formalized Constitution Day was celebrated as the 125th anniversary of Ambedkar on November 26, 2015. [196] On 26 November the day has been selected to spread the significance of the constitution and to disseminate the views and concepts of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar. [197] [198]

    'Jai Bhima' on the Bhim flag of Indian Buddhist flag
    Jai Bhima is a greeting phrase used by Ambedkar people. [199] 'Jai Bhima' means "Be the victory of Bhimrao Ambedkar." Or "Bhimrao Ambedkar Jindabha." [200] This phrase was coined by Babu L.N. Hardas, a follower of Ambedkar. [201] Babu Hardas encouraged this way of greeting with the help of the workers of Bhima Vijay Sangh. [202]
    Blue is a symbol of Ambedkar. Ambedkar was loved by the blue color because he is a " likeness " symbol. And blue, the color of the sky , which reflects its magnitude, Ambedkar also had the same vision and he used it very much in private life too. The statue of Babasaheb always appears in the blue coat. In 1942, he founded the Scheduled Caste Federation of India Party, the party's flag was blue and the center of the Ashok Chakra was located. After this, in 1956 when the Republican Party of Indiawas formed after the old party was formed, the same blue flag was used in it. He color Maharashtra's largest underclass MaharTaken from the flag. Now this blue flag of Ashoka Chakra of Buddhism has become a symbol of Ambedkar. Later, Bharipal Bahujan Mahasangh , all other Ambedkarite organizations and colonizers including the Bahujan Samaj Party also adopted the same color and thus became the symbol of resistance, conflict and assimilation of Ambedkarist Buddhists (Navbodhs) and Dalits. Buddhists and Dalits use blue color and blue flag on every occasion. [203] [204] [205] [206]
    Bhimyan : Experience of Unacceptability ( Bhimayana: Untouchable Experience ) is a graphic biography of Ambedkar, produced by Pardhan-Gond artist Durgabai Vyam and Subhash Vyam and writers Srivid Natarajan and S. Anand. This book depicts Ambedkar's untimely experience from childhood to adulthood. CNN named it one of the top 5 political comic books. [207]
    In the 1920s, the house in which Ambedkar living in London was converted into a museum by the Government of Maharashtra and changed it to "International Ambedkar Memorial". It was inaugurated by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on November 14, 2015. [208] [209] [210]
    Ambedkar garden park in Lucknow is dedicated to their memory. There are memorials showing their biography in Chaitya [211] [212]

    Ambedkar's bronze statue in Lucknow 's Ambedkar Memorial; "My life struggle is my message." These words are written. The statue of Ambedkar on the statue of Abraham Lincoln in Lincoln Memorial, Washington, DC .
    Indian posters dedicated postage stamps to their birthdays in 1966, 1973, 1991, 2001 and 2013 and painted them on other tickets in 2009, 2015, 2016 and 2017. [213] [214]
    On 14th April 2015, Google celebrated Ambedkar's 124th birthday through his homepage Doodle. [215] [216] This doodle was shown in India, Argentina , Chile , Ireland , Peru , Poland , Sweden and the United Kingdom . [217] [218] [219]
    In the celebration of 125th birth anniversary of Ambedkar, coins of ₹ 10 and ₹ 125 were released for circulation in 2015. [220]

    Movies and serials


    Poster of the film of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar , 2000
    There are many films, drama, books, songs, television serials and other works based on Ambedkar's life and thinking. Jabbar Patel directed the film of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar in 2000, in which Mammootty was playing the main character. [221] The film was produced by the National Film Development Corporation of India and the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment of the Government. Due to controversy, the film's performance took a lot of time. [222] Professor David Blundel, a professor of human science at UCLA and historical ethnography, has established a series of films and events - ARIZING LIGHT with the aim of promoting social conditions and interest in the life and life of Ambedkar .[223] Shyam Benegal a TV mini-series on the creation of the Constitution of India directed by constitutional role of Ambedkar in Sachin Khedekar was played went by. [224] Ambedkar and Gandhi are guided by Arvind Gaur and tracked two key figures of the title of drama written by Rajesh Kumar. [225]
    Om Pervious Ambedkar , it was a Marathi series launched by ABP My TV channel in 2016 on the occasion of Ambedkar's 125th birth anniversary. In this series, 11 multi-dimensional personality expanses of Ambedkar were shown in detail, in which - Satyagrahi (Mahad Satyagraha, Kalaram Temple Satyagraha), Editor, Worker Leader, Political leader (Poona Pact, Hindu Code Bill) Barrister, bookmaker, writer, educationist, economist, These were 13 episodes of constitution maker and Buddha followers. [226]
    An Indian Television historical documentary series of Garjah Maharashtra Maharashtrians, which not only shaped the cultural identity of Maharashtra, but paved the way for India's cultural development, which was hosted by Marathi actor Jitendra Joshi on Marathi channel Soni Marathi. Prashant Chaudappa as Ambedkar in the series.

    Movies

    Many movies have been made on Ambedkar's life and ideas, which are as follows:
    • Bhim Bhangna - Marathi film directed by Vijay Pawar, in which the role of Ambedkar was played by Krishananand.
    • Child Ambedkar - A 1991 Kannada film directed by Basavaraj Kethhur, in which Ambedkar played the role of Chiranjivi Vinay.
    • Yugpurush Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar - Marathi film directed by Shashikant Nalwade 1993
    • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar - 2000 English film directed by Jabbar Patel, in which Mammootty playedthe role of Ambedkar. [221]
    • Dr. BR Ambedkar - Kannada film of 2005, directed by Sharan Kumar Kibbur, in which Ambedkar plays the role of Vishnu Kant B Had played
    • Third Independence - a 2006 Hindi movie directed by Jabbar Patel.
    • Rising Light - Documentary film created in 2006 [227]
    • Ramabai Bhimrao Ambedkar - Based on the life of Ambedkar's wife Ramabai Ambedkar and Marathi film directed by Prakash Jadhav, in which the role of Ambedkar was played by Ganesh Jethi.
    • Shudra: The Rising - Hindi film dedicated to Ambedkar (2010) [228]
    • A Journey of Samyak Buddha - Hindi film (2013), based on Ambedkar's Lord Buddha and his Dhamma Granth. [22 9]
    • Ramabai - Kannada film of 2016, directed by M Ranganath, in which Ambedkar played the role of Siddaram Kernic. [230] [231]
    • Bole India Jai ​​Bhim - Marathi film of 2016 directed by Subodh Nagadeva, in which Ambedkar was played by Shyam Bhimsenariya.
    • Saranan Gacchumi - Telugu film directed by Prem Raj, based on the ideas of Ambedkar.
    • Bal Bhimrao - Marathi film of 2018, directed by Prakash Narayan, in which Ambedkar was portrayed by Manish Kamble. [232]
    • Ramai - An upcoming Marathi film directed by Bal Baagle.

    Television serial

    • Dr. Ambedkar , a Hindi television series, which has aired on DD National , in which Sudhir Kulkarni plays Ambedkar.
    • Prime Minister (2013-14), a television series, which has aired on ABP News , in which Surendra Pal played Ambedkar.
    • The Constitution (2014), a television series broadcast on Rajya Sabha TV , in which Sachin Khedekar played the role of Ambedkar.
    • Om Pervious Ambedkar (2016), a Marathi television series, which aired on ABP Mys.
    • Garja Maharashtra (2018-19), a Marathi television series, which aired on Sony Marathi, in which Prashant Chadappa played the role of Ambedkar.
    • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: Mahanavachi Pratibhavatha (2019), a Marathi television series which is being broadcast on Star Stream Channel from May 18, 2019, in which Sagar is playing the role of Deshmukh Ambedkar.

    Awards and honors


    Ambedkar with Wallace Stevens at Columbia University , after receiving Doctor of Laws on June 5, 1952
    In 1990, Ambedkar was honored with the Bharat Ratna , India's highest civilian award posthumously . [233] [234] This award was accepted by Savita Ambedkar on 99th birthday, Ambedkar's April 14, 1990, by the then President of India, Ramaswamy Venkataraman . This award ceremony was held at the Darbar Hall / Ashok Hall of Rashtrapati Bhawan . [235]

    honorary degree

    Dedicated Monuments and Museums

    Many Vaastu memorials and museums have been built around the world in the memory of Ambedkar. Many memorials are historically linked to them and museums have a collection of their various chisas.
    • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Museum of Goods - 'Shantivan' - Chicholi Gaon ( Nagpur district ); In it, Ambedkar's personal use items are kept.
    • Dr. Ambedkar Manimandapam - Chennai
    • Ambedkar Memorial Park - Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh
    • Bhim Janmabhoomi - Dr. Ambedkar Nagar (Mhow), Madhya Pradesh; Ambedkar's Birthplace
    • Dr. Ambedkar National Memorial - 26 Alipur Road, New Delhi
    • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Social Justice Bhavan - Maharashtra; Government Vaastu built in every district near the state
    • Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Memorial Park (Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Smriti Dammam) - Amravati, Andhra Pradesh; Ambedkar's 125 feet high statue is set here.
    • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Memorial ( Statue of Equality ) - Mumbai, Maharashtra; Ambedkar's 450 feet high statue is set here.
    • Chaityabhoomi - Mumbai, Maharashtra; Ambedkar's mausoleum
    • Statue of Bhimrao Ambedkar - Koyasan University, Japan
    • Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar Memorial - London , United Kingdom; Ambedkar was here during his studies in London (1921-22)
    • Dr. Ambedkar International Center - Delhi
    • Bharat Ratna Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Memorial - Airli, Mumbai, Maharashtra
    • Rajghat - Dadar, Mumbai, Maharashtra; Ambedkar's house
    • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Museum and Memorial - Pune , Maharashtra; National Museum
    • Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar National Memorial - Mahad, Maharashtra; Here in Ambedkar Mahad Satyagraha had
    • Bharat Ratna Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Muktibhoom Memorial - Yeola, Nashik District, Maharashtra; Here Ambedkar announced the change of religion
    • Dikshitbhumi - Nagpur , Maharashtra; Here Ambedkar had accepted Buddhism

    Gandhi's thoughts and views

    In the 1920s, Ambedkar returned to India after completing studies abroad and started working in the social sector. Mahatma Gandhi at the timeIn the leadership of the Congress Party, the freedom movement started. On August 14, 1931, Ambedkar and Gandhi's first meeting took place in the Mani Bhawan of Bombay. By that time Gandhi did not know that Ambedkar himself is an alleged 'untouchable'. He was the leader of the society, he considered himself a 'social reformer' or Brahmin leader. Gandhi was told that Ambedkar has achieved higher degrees by studying abroad and he is PhD. Due to the situation of the dalits, they are quick to criticize and always criticize Gandhi and Congress. Knowing about Ambedkar's arguments in the first Round Table Conference Gandhi had come to believe that it is a modernist youth who has completely converted into Western education and contemplation, Which is looking at Indian society from an European perspective. When Gandhi was killed, the first person to reach the spot was Ambedkar and according to the witnesses, he stayed there for a long time.[237] [238] [239] [240]
    In the 1930s and 1940s, Ambedkar strongly criticized Gandhi. He was of the opinion that Gandhian path of upliftment of clean workers is going to show grace and benevolence. Gandhi wanted to purge Hindutva by removing the stigma of assassination. Ambedkar, on the other hand, rejected Hindutva. He was of the opinion that if the Dalits want to be equal citizens, they will have to adopt another faith. Ambedkar was confronted that the Congress did nothing for the dalits. The most responsible for this was Gandhi, because before his last days, he was not ready to oppose the caste system and caste system, rather his contentment was satisfied with being Hindu. Though Gandhi and Ambedkar remained a political opponent of each other throughout life, both of them played a complementary role in undermining the humiliating social order. Legally untouched,[241] [242]
    On February 26, 1955, Ambedkar expressed his views on Mahatma Gandhi in an interview to the BBC. Ambedkar said that he always met Gandhi as a competitor. So he knew Gandhi better than other people. According to Ambedkar, "Gandhi was an episode in the history of India, he was never an era maker." He also accused Gandhi of playing Gandhi as a dual role at all times. He removed two newspapers, the first Harijan , in this English newspaper, Gandhi himself called the caste systemand untouchabilityTold the opponent of. And in another Gujarati newspaper he looks as a more conservative person. In which he was a supporter of caste system, Varanashram religion or all conservative theories. "While studying these articles, it is clear that Gandhi supported caste system in his English articles and opposed the touching of Gujarati literature. Ambedkar With the elimination of touchless emphasis on equal opportunities and dignity, and claimed that Gandhi was against it. According to him, Gandhi tweeted Used Slia so untouchables can add with the Congress. He wanted untouchable not opposed to the concept of Swaraj. Gandhi was not a radical reformer and he Jyotirao Phule not try to eliminate the caste system in the manner of or Ambedkar . [54]Ambedkar and his supporters had opposed Gandhi's 'Harijan' address for Dalits, and the Dalits believed him to be like 'abusive'. The 'Harijan Sevak Sangh' started by Gandhi also disliked the Dalit because, "He used to think of the rise of Dalits with the help of a top caste, not his own control over the life of Dalits." [243]
    Gandhi and Ambedkar put together the same ideas on many issues, while their views on different issues were completely different or opposite. The views of both the issues of rural India, caste system and touching contradiction were against each other. Although both of them tried to make the country based on social justice and unity and both showed different ways for these purposes. According to Gandhi, if the untouchability is removed from the Hindu caste system then the whole system can work in the interest of the society. For its logical concept, Gandhi put the village in the center of development and advancement while speaking a complete society. Unlike Gandhi, Ambedkar put forth the vote to completely destroy the caste system. According to Ambedkar, while caste system will exist in society, untouchables will continue to flourish in society in new form. Gandhi advocated people to go to the village, While Ambedkar appealed the people to leave the village and move to the cities. Gandhi and Ambedkar had some different ideas about the village and the city. Gandhi used to trust in satyagraha According to Ambedkar, the heart of high caste Hindus can not be changed through Satyagrah because they have physical benefits from caste system. Gandhi was opposed to vesting more powers in the state. Their efforts should be rooted in greater societies in the society and for this, they were favored to make the village a main unit of power. On the contrary, Ambedkar used to advocate making the society more powerful than the society. Their efforts should be rooted in greater societies in the society and for this, they were favored to make the village a main unit of power. On the contrary, Ambedkar used to advocate making the society more powerful than the society. Their efforts should be rooted in greater societies in the society and for this, they were favored to make the village a main unit of power. On the contrary, Ambedkar used to advocate making the society more powerful than the society.[244] [245] [246]
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    About me Gender MALE Industry Technology Occupation Trading Location Sri Vijaynagar, Rajasthan, India Introduction My full name is Aman Bishnoi Khichar and I am a trader. My father name is Mr. Balwant Bishnoi and he loves me so much. Interests Trading, Digital marketing, Playing cricket, Watching movies Favorite Movies Avengers:endgame, Spider man: far from home Favorite Music Whistle baja song Favorite Books Cricket history books

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